Mohammed Elmujtba Adam Essa
Medical and Cancer Research Institute
Title: Effect of Gum Arabic in Alloxan induced diabetic Millets
Biography
Biography: Mohammed Elmujtba Adam Essa
Abstract
Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids (GC) induces obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes which in turn increases diabetes pathophysiology. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to play vital role in reducing diabetic complications by protecting cells and tissues damage. Gum Arabic (GA, Acacia Senegal) a dietary fiber is known to reduce diabetic complications. Here we hypothesized that GA treatment may alter HSPs together with GC generating enzyme gene expression. We investigated the regulation of hepatic HSPs and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) by GA manipulation. 60 rats were divided into 3 groups (n=20 of each): control group, diabetic group injected with Alloxan, and diabetic group which was given 15% GA in drinking water for 9 weeks. The treatment of GA significantly (P<0.05) decreased plasma HSP25 and HSP70 concentrations associated with decreased HSP70, and HSP90 mRNA and protein expression but not HSP25. Interestingly, the treatment of GA decreased a plasma corticosterone concentration which was associated with decreased 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression mRNA expression in the liver, heart and skeletal muscle of mice compared to the control group. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly (P<0.05) increased in GA group compared to diabetic and control groups. GA also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the activities of key liver enzymes, including alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). The treatment of GA decreased liver malondialdehyde (MDA), while increased glutathione (GSH).Taken together, feeding of GA decreased HSPs and 11β-HSD1 expression both at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels with improvement oxidant-capacity.